Cytotoxic Effect of Aquadest, Ethanolic, and Chloroform Extracts
of Spathoglottis plicata Blume on Breast Cancer Cells Line (T47D Cells)
Mukhlish Jamal Musa Holle[1],2,*), Hestri Dyah Puspitasari1,2), Andaru Satryo1,2), Wahyu Dewi Astuti Ningrum1,2), Digdo Sudigyo1), and Ardaning Nuriliani1)
1) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
2) Biology Orchid Study Club, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
*)Correspondence author: holle.mukhlish@gmail.com
Abstract. Breast cancer is one of cancer with high mortality. Thiscancer not only attacks women, but also men. Indonesia has many plants which potentialas anticancer, such as orchids. Spathoglottis plicata is one of the orchid species that abundant in Indonesia and has a lot of antioxidant compounds which is guessed have anticancer properties. The objectives of this study were to study the cytotoxic activity and IC50 value of aquadest, ethanolic, and chloroform extracts of S. plicata’s pseudobulbs, leaves, and whole plants on T47D cells (breast cancer cellsline) as well as cytotoxic activity of the specific fraction ofthe most toxic crude extract. S. plicata used in this study was obtained from Bungarinte nursery. Extractions were done bymaceration method using aquadest, ethanol, and chloroform as the solvent. Cytotoxic test on T47D cells were done by MTT assay. The cytotoxic datawere analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’sHSD test. The IC50 of each extracts were calculate by probit analysis. The lowest IC50 value among all extracts was fractionated and isolated by preparative TLC. The cytotoxic activity and IC50 of this fractions were analyzed. The resultsshowed that only 2 from 9 crude extracts that able to calculate its IC50because those two extracts have concentration dependent pattern of inhibition concentration. Chloroform extract have the lowest IC50 value (369,837 µg/mL). Then, this extract fractionated by eluen n-hexane : ethyl acetate 4:1. Four fractions were collected. The lowest IC50 value is fractionIV (144,41 µg/mL). Based on the results it could be concluded that S. plicata leaves have moderate potency to develop as anticancet agents, especially on breast cancer.
Keywords: S. plicata, T47D cells, cytotoxic, MTT assay, preparative TLC.
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